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HIV Treatment Programs
By Mary Rose

HIV Treatment Programs
Treatment programs have to overcome many obstacles, ranging from patient recruitment to procuring drugs. The following are some of the most significant issues.
HIV counseling and testing is particularly important as a starting point for access to other HIV/AIDS-related services. If a person does not know they are infected, they cannot get any treatment or care. In too many cases people are diagnosed positive when they are already seriously ill. At this point, there are fewer opportunities for cost-effective interventions.
 HIV counseling and testing is important to encourage people to use these services. Raising awareness of the benefits of treatment provides people with an incentive to learn their status, and so should help to increase demand. To help overcome this problem, many countries are moving towards offering every person for test as a routine part of health care, regardless of symptoms.
Patient selection criteria are used to determine who is most likely to benefit from antiretroviral treatment. Usually the patient must demonstrate that they are able to attend the treatment centre regularly and to adhere to daily medication. It may be necessary, for example, to arrange transport to help people meet these requirements. Also, the treatment program may need to help people to find the support they need to cope with the demands of treatment, whether it be from friends, family or support groups. Those who have alcohol or other drug addictions, or depression, need to be helped to overcome their problems before they start treatment.
In the absence of treatment, someone who has is likely to remain healthy for longer if they have an ample and nutritious diet. The need for good nutrition also applies to those who are receiving treatment, especially because some of the drugs should be taken on a full stomach, and little is known about the effects of antiretroviral on malnourished people. One study in Singapore found that malnourished people were less likely than others to benefit from the medication.6 Researchers in Malawi found that severely malnourished patients were six times more likely to die in the first three months of treatment than those with a normal nutritional status.
Furthermore, if someone lacks an adequate food supply then they are less likely to be able to adhere to a daily treatment regimen. Hunger is a much more immediate problem than the threat of AIDS, and desperate people may even resort to selling their drugs to feed themselves and their families.
Antiretroviral drugs can stop working if they are not taken every single day. It is therefore essential to maintain an uninterrupted supply of medication, from the factories where the drugs are made all the way down to the rural villages where they are needed. This presents difficulties because in many countries the distribution systems for all kinds of medicines are chronically weak and unreliable. Transport and communication networks are often in very poor condition.
In September 2005, PEPFAR awarded a contract for supply chain management to a consortium led by John Snow International and Management Sciences for Health. Their system is intended to handle a wide range of HIV/AIDS related products, including drugs and laboratory equipment, for US-funded projects around the world. Several members of the PEPFAR supply chain consortium also participate in the AMDS.
The parts of the world worst affected by AIDS have a dire shortage of health workers. In particular Africa, which is home to 14% of the world’s population, and carries 25% of the global disease burden, has only 1.3% of global health workers. This shortage is one of the most serious problems facing antiretroviral treatment programs.
One reason for the paucity of health workers in poor countries is the international poaching of doctors and nurses by Europe and North America. Skilled professionals are lured abroad by better working conditions and much better pay. This migration satisfies the needs of the rich countries, but drains resources from nations that can ill afford to lose

the workers they have spent so much money training. Rates of health worker migration range from 8% to as high as 60% in some African countries.
AIDS also contributes to the shortage of health workers. In the worst affected countries, doctors and nurses are dying of AIDS at such a fast rate that training colleges struggle to produce enough replacements. Botswana lost approximately 17% of its health-care workforce due to AIDS between 1999 and 2005.
In response, many countries are working hard to expand recruitment and training schemes. Some have also sought to ease the shortage of health workers by recruiting doctors and nurses from abroad, against the usual flow of worker migration. Difficulties can however arise if the foreign workers are unable to speak local languages, or are unused to the local way of life.
An increasingly popular alternative is to move many of the routine tasks of AIDS care from more specialized to less specialized staff. Doctors can ease their workload by transferring duties to non-physician clinicians; clinicians can shift tasks to nurses or midwives; and the less technical jobs can be handed over to counselors or community health workers. With sufficient organization, one treatment specialist can oversee thousands of doctors, who in turn can supervise tens of thousands of clinical officers, nurses, community health workers and informal assistants. This "task shifting" approach has proven successful in a number of countries including Botswana and Mozambique. However, it has been argued that 'task-shifting' should only be considered only as part of an overall strategy when attempting to address the human resources shortages.
In May 2006 the international community responded to the health worker crisis by collectively creating the Global Health Workforce Alliance (GHWA). Under the alliance, task forces and working groups were established in order to address specific issues such as technical cooperation, migration and resource mobilization. 14 One such group, the Task Force for Scaling up Education and Training for Health Workers, aims to encourage governments and donors to invest in the education and training of health workers in resource-poor countries.
In its 2008 ‘Towards Universal Access’ progress report, the World Health Organization (WHO) stressed the importance of patient retention in HIV-treatment program, which is said was "emerging as a critical issue". The agency expressed concern that the emphasis on recruiting new patients may leave healthcare workers with inadequate resources to ensure that those already on treatment are adhering to their drug regimes.
 It is relatively easy to provide treatment where there is good infrastructure and AIDS-related activities are already taking place, such as in antenatal clinics. It is much harder to move into rural areas and reach people who have little or no contact with health services or community organizations, or to reach marginalized groups such as refugees, prisoners and injecting drug users. Treatment providers need to look for innovative ways to reach the most underserved population groups as they strive for universal access. One example is the use of mobile outreach services to take drugs from treatment centers to outlying communities on a regular basis.
Another underserved population in many cases is children. It is more difficult to treat HIV-positive children because dosages depend on size and weight, so standard pills and capsules are often unsuitable. The best solution may be to provide antiretroviral syrups, but these can be awkward to procure, transport and store (some may require refrigeration). Children often have difficulty coping with swallowing large pills or unpleasant tasting syrups, as well as coping with side effects, and adult supervision may be needed to ensure adherence.

Keywords: HIV, AIDS, Cure, Treatment, Infection, Dating, Positive, Symptoms.

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Computer provides sex health information
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Cotrimoxazole Preventive Therapy in HIV-Infected Children Best If Given Daily
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HPV-Based Screen-And-Treat Strategy Reduces Rate of CIN in HIV-Positive Women
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Avoiding Early Study Attrition in Adolescent Girls: Impact of Recruitment Contextual Factors
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Kids on HIV Drug Cocktail May Need Revaccination
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Kenya: Kicking HIV Out of Nairobi's Slums
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Sub-Saharan Africa news in brief: 26 August?8 September 2010
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Styx founder joins GeoVax
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Styx founder joins GeoVax
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Inquiry to hear from HIV victims
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Namibia: Rights Groups Support Case Against Forced Sterilisation
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Global Fund Investigates Allegations That Donated Malaria Drugs Were Stolen, Resold In Some African Countries
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Terrence Higgins Trust brings Safe Sex Roadshow to Shropshire
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Uganda: HIV Figures Low in Universities, Says Report
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Hearing health, the human immunodeficiency virus and the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: a review
CONCLUSION: literature suggests several possible types of association between auditory disorders and the Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome and the Human Immunodeficiency Virus, and that people with HIV/AIDS may require hearing care interventions. Health professionals, including those from the Brazilian public health system, should examine the need for hearing-related services among HIV/AIDS patients in order to reduce the impact of the disease on daily life activities and prevent insofar, further auditory deterioration. (Source: Revista CEFAC)
Hearing abilities and analysis in an oralized hearing-impaired child with HIV: a case study
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Imaging lung manifestations of HIV/AIDS
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Lack of uptake threatens promise of HIV vaccines
Nature Medicine 16, 937 (2010). doi:10.1038/nm0910-937 Author: Elie Dolgin (Source: Nature Medicine)
The real war on drugs
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The 2010 scientific strategic plan of the Global HIV Vaccine Enterprise
Authors: (Source: Nature Medicine)
Mucocutaneous manifestations in children with human immunodeficiency virus infection
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Sexually transmitted diseases in children in India
Jyoti Dhawan, Somesh Gupta, Bhushan KumarIndian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology, and Leprology 2010 76(5):489-493Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) in children are not uncommon in India, though systematic epidemiological studies to determine the exact prevalence are not available. STDs in children can be acquired via sexual route or, uncommonly, via non-sexual route such as accidental inoculation by a diseased individual. Neonatal infections are almost always acquired intrauterine or during delivery. Voluntary indulgence in sexual activity is also an important factor in acquisition of STDs in childhood. Sexual abuse and sex trafficking remain the important problems in India. Surveys indicate that nearly half of the children are sexually abused. Most at risk children are street-based,...
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Archana Singal, Sidharth SonthaliaIndian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology, and Leprology 2010 76(5):494-503Cutaneous tuberculosis continues to be a significant medical problem even with the advent of highly effective antituberculous drugs. It constitutes about 1.5&#x0025; of all extra pulmonary tuberculosis. The prevalence in children varies from 18 to 54&#x0025; in India. There is no gender predilection and the infection occurs with increased frequency in 10-14 year age group. Intrafamilial source of TB has been observed very frequently. A concomitant TB lymphadenitis is most common while involvement of other systemic organs like lung, bone and abdomen has also been observed. Protective efficacy of BCG is debatable and not yet fully defined. Of all the clinical types, scrofuloderma (SF...
Omnidirectional-view three-dimensional display system based on cylindrical selective-diffusing screen
We utilized a high-frame-rate projector, a rotating mirror, and a cylindrical selective-diffusing screen to present a novel three-dimensional (3D) omnidirectional-view display system without the need for any special viewing aids. The display principle and image size are analyzed, and the common ... (Source: Applied Optics)<div id="medworm"><p><b><i>MedWorm Message:</i></b> Register for <b><a href="http://www.medmatcha.com" target ="_self">MedMatcha, MedWorm's medical advertising network</a></b>, and receive $5 free advertising.</p></div>
Parents and alcohol-abusers less likely to take their HIV drugs
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Team to study health effects of botanical estrogens
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Education more important than knowledge in stopping spread of HIV in Africa
(Ohio State University) Simply teaching people the facts about how to protect themselves from HIV may not be enough to prevent the spread of AIDS in Africa, a new study suggests. Researchers found that villagers in Ghana who had higher levels of cognitive and decision-making abilities -- not just the most knowledge -- were the ones who were most likely to take steps to protect themselves from HIV infection. (Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health)
White gay men take greater HIV risk
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Determining the Relative Importance of Predictors in Logistic Regression: An Extension of Relative Weight Analysis
This article presents an extension of relative weight analysis that can be applied in logistic regression and thus aids in the determination of predictor importance. We briefly review relative importance techniques and then discuss a new procedure for calculating relative importance estimates in logistic regression. Finally, we present a substantive example applying this new approach to an example data set. (Source: Organizational Research Methods)<div id="medworm"><p><b><i>MedWorm Message:</i></b> Register for <b><a href="http://www.medmatcha.com" target ="_self">MedMatcha, MedWorm's medical advertising network</a></b>, and receive $5 free advertising.</p></div>
How HIV/AIDS scale-up has impacted on non-HIV priority services in Zambia
Conclusions: The analysis shows scale-up in reproductive health service numbers in the same facilities where HIV services were scaling up. While district childhood immunisations increased overall, this did not necessarily occur in facility catchment areas where HIV service scale-up occurred. The paper demonstrates an approach for comparing correlation trends across different services, using routine health facility information. Larger samples and explanatory studies are needed to understand the client, facility and health systems factors that contribute to positive and negative synergies between priority services. (Source: BMC Public Health - Latest articles)
Mobile learning for HIV/AIDS healthcare worker training in resource-limited settings
Conclusions: Training, supervision and clinical mentoring of health workers are the cornerstone of the scaling up process of HIV/AIDS care in resource-limited settings (RLSs). Educational modules on mobile phones can give flexibility to HCWs for accessing learning content anywhere. However lack of softwares interoperability and the high investment cost for the Smartphones' purchase could represent a limitation to the wide spread use of such kind mLearning programs in RLSs. (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy)
Nevirapine Reuse in Children With HIV May Be Safe
After achieving viral suppression with protease inhibitor-based therapy, most children infected with HIV at birth despite being given nevirapine may safely be switched back to nevirapine-based therapy without fear of drug resistance, according to a study published in the Sept. 8 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association. (Source: Modern Medicine)
Mutations in matrix and SP1 repair the packaging specificity of a Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 mutant by reducing the association of Gag with spliced viral RNA
Conclusions: HIV-1 evolved to overcome a deletion in SL1 and restored infectivity by acquiring compensatory mutations in the N-terminal matrix or SP1 domain of Gag. These data shed light on the functions of the N-terminal matrix and SP1 domains and suggest that both regions may have a role in Gag interactions with spliced viral RNA. (Source: Retrovirology)
Multiple sites in the N-terminal half of simian immunodeficiency virus capsid protein contribute to evasion from rhesus monkey TRIM5alpha-mediated restriction
Conclusion: We found that multiple regions of the SIVmac CA are necessary for complete evasion from Rh TRIM5alpha restriction. (Source: Retrovirology)<div id="medworm"><p><b><i>MedWorm Message:</i></b> Register for <b><a href="http://www.medmatcha.com" target ="_self">MedMatcha, MedWorm's medical advertising network</a></b>, and receive $5 free advertising.</p></div>
Candidacy and Device Options: Personal Amplification Systems for School-Aged Children
This article discusses various types of personal hearing technology available for school-aged children including digital hearing aids, cochlear implants, bone-anchored hearing aids, and personal frequency-modulated devices. Candidacy guidelines will be discussed for each device, and device-specific features, such as signal-processing characteristics, that are beneficial for school-aged children will be addressed. Finally, case studies will be provided to demonstrate the decision-making process involved in selecting personal hearing technology for children with hearing loss.[...]© Thieme Medical PublishersArticle in Thieme eJournal:Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Seminars in Hearing)
Verifying Frequency-Modulated System Performance: It's The Right Thing to Do
This article addresses current recommended practices for FM system verification for a variety of FM coupling options.[...]© Thieme Medical PublishersArticle in Thieme eJournal:Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Seminars in Hearing)
Management of Amplification Technology in School
Semin Hear 2010; 31: 252-263DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1262330ABSTRACTStudents with auditory disabilities often rely on hearing aids, cochlear implants, hearing assistance technology (e.g., assistive listening devices), or a combination thereof to access spoken language. Following the fitting of amplification, a management plan must be put in place to ensure that predetermined technology goals are consistently met. This plan addresses how and when the instruments will be used; appropriate orientation and training for all stakeholders; the process for validating the benefits and limitations of technology; and the implementation of a program for monitoring efficacy. Educational audiologists have a statutory responsibility to ensure that a technology management plan is implemented in the child's sch...
Cheaper treatment for HIV-infected infants could also be more effective
Babies born to mothers with HIV have a much smaller risk of getting the virus themselves if medical personnel administer preventive drugs, such as nevirapine, at birth to the moms and their newborns. Nevertheless, a small percentage of those infants will end up getting the disease anyway. And without treatment, some 62 percent of HIV-positive children die before the age of two. [More] HIV - Health - Conditions and Diseases - AIDS - Child (Source: Scientific American Topic - Medical Technology)
Cheaper treatment for HIV-infected infants could also be more effective
Babies born to mothers with HIV have a much smaller risk of getting the virus themselves if medical personnel administer preventive drugs, such as nevirapine, at birth to the moms and their newborns. Nevertheless, a small percentage of those infants will end up getting the disease anyway. And without treatment, some 62 percent of HIV-positive children die before the age of two. [More] (Source: Scientific American - Official RSS Feed)<div id="medworm"><p><b><i>MedWorm Message:</i></b> Register for <b><a href="http://www.medmatcha.com" target ="_self">MedMatcha, MedWorm's medical advertising network</a></b>, and receive $5 free advertising.</p></div>
Cheaper treatment for HIV-infected infants could also be more effective
Babies born to mothers with HIV have a much smaller risk of getting the virus themselves if medical personnel administer preventive drugs, such as nevirapine, at birth to the moms and their newborns. Nevertheless, a small percentage of those infants will end up getting the disease anyway. And without treatment, some 62 percent of HIV-positive children die before the age of two. [More] HIV - Health - Conditions and Diseases - AIDS - Child (Source: Scientific American Topic - Biotechnology)
Nevirapine Reuse Possible in Exposed Children With HIV (CME/CE)
(MedPage Today) -- In most HIV-infected children being exposed at birth to nevirapine (Viramune) doesn't rule out using the drug again later, researchers reported. (Source: MedPage Today State Required CME)
Many HIV-Infected Kids Could Use Cheaper Treatment Safely
Study found that returning to nevirapine still kept viral load down for most Source: HealthDay Related MedlinePlus Pages: AIDS Medicines, International Health (Source: MedlinePlus Health News)
Reuse of Nevirapine in Exposed HIV-Infected Children After Protease Inhibitor-Based Viral Suppression: A Randomized Controlled Trial [Original Contribution]
Conclusion&nbsp; Among HIV-infected children previously exposed to nevirapine, switching to nevirapine-based therapy after achieving viral suppression with a ritonavir-boosted lopinavir regimen resulted in lower rates of viremia greater than 50 copies/mL than maintaining the primary ritonavir-boosted lopinavir regimen. Trial Registration&nbsp; clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00117728 (Source: JAMA)
AIDS Conference: Encouraging Advances Amid Funding Worries for Global Treatment [Medical News & Perspectives]
(Source: JAMA)<div id="medworm"><p><b><i>MedWorm Message:</i></b> Register for <b><a href="http://www.medmatcha.com" target ="_self">MedMatcha, MedWorm's medical advertising network</a></b>, and receive $5 free advertising.</p></div>
Imiquimod Can Clear Anal Intraepithelial Neoplasia in HIV-Positive Men
Imiquimod cream (Aldara; 3M) significantly improves clearance of high-grade anal canal intraepithelial neoplasia in men with HIV, a UK team reported online August 19 in AIDS. Reuters Health Information (Source: Medscape Hiv-Aids Headlines)
More Human Trials Needed for HIV Vaccine Hunt
(MedPage Today) -- HIV vaccine researchers are calling for more and better human trials as part of the quest for ways to block transmission of the virus. (Source: MedPage Today Infectious Disease)
Structure-based modeling of the functional HIV-1 intasome and its inhibition [Microbiology]
The intasome is the basic recombination unit of retroviral integration, comprising the integrase protein and the ends of the viral... (Source: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences)
TRACO: HIV and Imaging
For more information, visit http://ccr.cancer.gov/careers/traco.aspAir date: 10/28/2010 4:00:00 PM (Source: Videocast - All Events)
Semi-supervised multi-task learning for predicting interactions between HIV-1 and human proteins
Motivation: Protein&ndash;protein interactions (PPIs) are critical for virtually every biological function. Recently, researchers suggested to use supervised learning for the task of classifying pairs of proteins as interacting or not. However, its performance is largely restricted by the availability of truly interacting proteins (labeled). Meanwhile, there exists a considerable amount of protein pairs where an association appears between two partners, but not enough experimental evidence to support it as a direct interaction (partially labeled). Results: We propose a semi-supervised multi-task framework for predicting PPIs from not only labeled, but also partially labeled reference sets. The basic idea is to perform multi-task learning on a supervised classification task and a semi-super...<div id="medworm"><p><b><i>MedWorm Message:</i></b> Register for <b><a href="http://www.medmatcha.com" target ="_self">MedMatcha, MedWorm's medical advertising network</a></b>, and receive $5 free advertising.</p></div>
AIDSinfo Launches Mobile Site
AIDSinfo is a U.S. Department of Health and Human Services project, managed by the National Library of Medicine, that offers the latest federally approved HIV/AIDS medical practice guidelines, HIV treatment and prevention clinical trials, and other research information for health care providers, researchers, people affected by HIV/AIDS, and the general public. Along with housing the latest HIV medical practice guidelines, the Web site provides access to many other resources related to HIV treatment and research. Health information specialists are also available by phone, e-mail, and an online chat to assist the public with accessing this information. AIDSinfo now offers a mobile site that allows users to access its resources and information on-the-go. The new site optimizes many of the mai...
South Africa: National HIV Testing Campaign Stalls
South Africa, home to the world's largest HIV treatment programme, is trying to pull off the most extensive global HIV testing campaign but the ambitious initiative is facing some daunting realities. (Source: AllAfrica News: HIV-Aids and STDs)
Kenya: Nomadic Communities Struggle to Access PMTCT
Nomadic Kenyan women who test positive for HIV but live in remote areas far from the nearest health facility are missing out on the opportunity to prevent their children from becoming infected with the virus. (Source: AllAfrica News: HIV-Aids and STDs)
South Africa: National HIV Testing Campaign Disappoints
South Africa, home to the world's largest HIV treatment programme, is trying to pull off the most extensive global HIV testing campaign but the ambitious initiative is facing some daunting realities. (Source: AllAfrica News: HIV-Aids and STDs)
Nigeria: 'HIV Mothers Can Breastfeed Their Babies for 3 Months'
The need for HIV positive mothers to breastfeed their babies for at least three months to give them a head start in life has been emphasized by the Nursing and Midwifery Council of Nigeria. (Source: AllAfrica News: HIV-Aids and STDs)<div id="medworm"><p><b><i>MedWorm Message:</i></b> Register for <b><a href="http://www.medmatcha.com" target ="_self">MedMatcha, MedWorm's medical advertising network</a></b>, and receive $5 free advertising.</p></div>
Uganda: U.S. Committed to Addressing HIV/Aids Needs
The dramatic growth in the delivery of health care services throughout Uganda in recent years is a remarkable accomplishment, one in which the United States, through the US President's Emergency Plan for Aids Relief (PEPFAR), plays a key role. In the past year, PEPFAR funded the testing of over a million pregnant Ugandan women as a first step in preventing transmission of HIV to their newborns. As of March this year, over 218,000 Ugandans are receiving antiretroviral treatment, of which 184,000 are directly supported by the American people. (Source: AllAfrica News: HIV-Aids and STDs)
The Role of ERK1/2 Signaling Pathway in Nef Protein Upregulation of the Expression of the Intercellular Adhesion Molecule 1 in Endothelial Cells
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients have increased rates of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases because the highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) decreased the morbidity and mortality of the disease. Endothelial dysfunction is possibly the most plausible link between HIV infection and related expression of cell adhesion molecules such as intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1) on the endothelial cells. HIV-1 accessory protein negative regulate factor (Nef) has been shown to be very important for high virus replication and disease progression. Nef could upregulate the expression of ICAM-1 in the pathogenesis of HIV infection. Here, we provide evidence that the HIV-1 Nef can transcriptionally induce the expression ...
Uganda: U.S. to Help Government Find New HIV/Aids Funds
The dramatic growth in the delivery of health care services throughout Uganda in recent years is a remarkable one in which the US, through the US President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR), plays a key role. (Source: AllAfrica News: HIV-Aids and STDs)
Are White Homosexual Men Still Taking Too Many HIV Risks?
Risky sexual behavior among members of a subset of the gay community is still adding to the spread of HIV. Research published in the open access journal BMC Infectious Diseases has found that young white homosexual men have an important contribution in the local spread of HIV. Despite increased education and awareness of HIV in the Western world, the number of new infections continues to rise each year... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)
Angola: Charity Association Campaigns Against HIV/Aids
An awareness campaign aimed at informing, educating and holding an interpersonal communication with residents of Samba District, in Luanda, was held Sunday here by the Christian Charitable Association ( ABC), in light of its programme of fight against decease. (Source: AllAfrica News: Health and Medicine)<div id="medworm"><p><b><i>MedWorm Message:</i></b> Register for <b><a href="http://www.medmatcha.com" target ="_self">MedMatcha, MedWorm's medical advertising network</a></b>, and receive $5 free advertising.</p></div>
BAHRAIN: No Change Seen in Ban on Entry of People with HIV
Bahrain may be dependent on expatriate labour, but that has not stopped it from deporting migrant workers who are found to be HIV-positive. (Source: IPS Inter Press Service - HIV/AIDS)
Understanding HIV And AIDS
(Ivanhoe Newswire) -- Scientists in Montreal say they've discovered that a specific protein -- called the viral protein R (Vpr) -- may help them better understand HIV and AIDS. (Source: Medical Headlines From Ivanhoe.com)
A better way to treat HIV-infected children?
(Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health) A new study involving 195 infants in South Africa found that children who were treated with protease inhibitors (PI) and then switched to nevirapine were more likely to maintain virus below the detection threshold of the test than infants who continued to receive PI. (Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health)
Many HIV-Infected Kids Could Use Cheaper Treatment Safely
Study found that returning to nevirapine still kept viral load down for most (Source: Pharmacy News - Doctors Lounge)
Epidemiological study of phylogenetic transmission clusters in a local HIV-1 epidemic reveals distinct differences between subtype B and non-B infections
Background: The number of HIV-1 infected individuals in the Western world continues to rise. More in-depth understanding of regional HIV-1 epidemics is necessary for the optimal design and adequate use of future prevention strategies. The use of a combination of phylogenetic analysis of HIV sequences, with data on patients' demographics, infection route, clinical information and laboratory results, will allow a better characterization of individuals responsible for local transmission. Methods: Baseline HIV-1 pol sequences, obtained through routine drug-resistance testing, from 506 patients, newly diagnosed between 2001 and 2009, were used to construct phylogenetic trees and identify transmission-clusters. Patients' demographics, laboratory and clinical data, were retrieved anonymously. Sta...<div id="medworm"><p><b><i>MedWorm Message:</i></b> Register for <b><a href="http://www.medmatcha.com" target ="_self">MedMatcha, MedWorm's medical advertising network</a></b>, and receive $5 free advertising.</p></div>
Association between HIV replication and serum leptin levels: an observational study of a cohort of HIV-1-infected South African women.
Conclusions: Our results demonstrate that serum leptin levels are inversely associated with viral replication, independent of disease progression: we postulate that leptin may affect viral replication. (Source: Journal of the International AIDS Society)
Urban Clinic Increases HIV Testing Uptake in Adolescents
After the publication of national recommendations for routine HIV testing and the implementation of rapid testing, the rate of HIV testing among adolescents at an urban adolescent primary care clinic substantially increased, according to research published in the September issue of the Archives of Pediatrics &amp; Adolescent Medicine. (Source: Modern Medicine)
Arylation of 2-Furyl 4-Fluorophenyl Ketone: An Extension of Heck Chemistry towards Novel Integrase Inhibitors
SynthesisDOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1258247AbstractAn optimized procedure for the direct and regioselective arylation of 2-acylfurans has been developed. The versatility of this protocol has been evaluated on a series of aryl and heteroaryl halides, thus obtaining a small collection of 2,5-disubstituted furans in moderate to good yields. Finally, the optimized protocol has been successfully applied to the synthesis of the HIV-1 integrase inhibitor 3 and could be further exploited for the generation of novel substituted furans as potential integrase inhibitors.[...]© Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart &#729; New YorkArticle in Thieme eJournal:Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Synthesis)
Medical Brain Drain In Africa ? Mbeki
Pretty shocking stats as former South African president Mbeki makes case for African universities. Add to this under funded healthcare systems in Africa, new learning democracies &#8211; compared with a vociferous thirst for additional medical talent in treating an ever aging population in the &#8220;West&#8221;, it&#8217;s not hard to see that the struggle for scarce resources is not an even playing field right now. Especially in healthcare. In 1998 South Africans numbered the largest group of foreign dentists in the United Kingdom, he said. &#8220;Only 50 out of 600 doctors trained in Zambia since independence were still practising in Zambia. More Malawi doctors were practising in the city of Manchester in the UK than in the whole of Malawi. &#8220;One estimate says that Africa lost USD ...
AIDSinfo Launches Mobile Site
AIDSinfo http://www.aidsinfo.nih.gov is a U.S. Department of Health and Human Services project, managed by the National Library of Medicine, that offers the latest federally approved HIV/AIDS medical practice guidelines, HIV treatment and prevention clinical trials, and other research information for health care providers, researchers, people affected by HIV/AIDS, and the general public. Along with housing the latest HIV medical practice guidelines, the Web site provides access to many other resources related to HIV treatment and research. Health information specialists are also available by phone, e-mail, and an online chat to assist the public with accessing this information. AIDSinfo now offers a mobile site http://m.aidsinfo.nih.gov/ that allows users to access its resources and inform...<div id="medworm"><p><b><i>MedWorm Message:</i></b> Register for <b><a href="http://www.medmatcha.com" target ="_self">MedMatcha, MedWorm's medical advertising network</a></b>, and receive $5 free advertising.</p></div>
Cardiovascular risk factors associated with lower baseline cognitive performance in HIV-positive persons
Conclusions: In this HIV-positive population with high CD4 cell counts, neurocognitive impairment was associated with prior CVD. Lower neurocognitive performance was associated with prior CVD, hypertension, and hypercholesterolemia, but not conventional HAD risk factors. The contribution of CVD and cardiovascular risk factors to the neurocognition of HIV-positive populations warrants further investigation. (Source: Neurology)
Changes in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Testing Rates Among Urban Adolescents After Introduction of Routine and Rapid Testing [Article]
Conclusions&nbsp; The HIV testing rates increased significantly following publication of recommendations for routine testing and further increased following introduction of rapid testing. Combining routine and rapid testing strategies may increase uptake of HIV testing among adolescents in primary care settings. (Source: Archives of Pediatrics)
When Is a Review Article Not a Review Article? [The Pediatric Forum]
(Source: Archives of Pediatrics)
When Is a Review Article Not a Review Article?--Reply [The Pediatric Forum]
(Source: Archives of Pediatrics)
Innovation in sexually transmitted disease and HIV prevention: internet and mobile phone delivery vehicles for global diffusion
Source: Swendeman D, Rotheram-Borus MJ. Current Opinion in Psychiatry, 23(2) Content: PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Efficacious behavioral interventions and practices have not been universally accepted, adopted, or diffused by policy makers, administrators, providers, advocates, or consumers. Biomedical innovations for sexually transmitted disease (STD) and HIV prevention have been embraced but their effectiveness is hindered by behavioral factors. [...] (Source: ICMCC: The International Council on Medical and Care Compunetics)<div id="medworm"><p><b><i>MedWorm Message:</i></b> Register for <b><a href="http://www.medmatcha.com" target ="_self">MedMatcha, MedWorm's medical advertising network</a></b>, and receive $5 free advertising.</p></div>
Survival Trends in Critically Ill HIV-Infected Patients in the Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy Era
Use of highly active antiretroviral therapy has reduced HIV-related life-threatening infectious complications. Have ICU survival rates improved as a result? Critical Care (Source: Medscape Today Headlines)
Expanded HIV Testing and Trends in Diagnoses of HIV Infection -- District of Columbia, 2004-2008
Where are HIV rates the highest in the US, and what are the latest trends in diagnosis and testing? Morbidity & Mortality Weekly Report (Source: Medscape Today Headlines)
Wayne C. Koff To Present At Annual Vaccines: All Things Considered Conference, Washington, DC Nov. 8-9, 2010
Wayne C. Koff, Chief Scientific Officer and Senior Vice President of Research and Development (R&D) at the International AIDS Vaccine Initiative (IAVI.org), will give the keynote presentation titled "Future Directions in AIDS Vaccine Development: The Decade Ahead" at the 8th Annual Vaccines: All Things Considered Conference to be held this year in Washington, DC on Nov. 8-9, 2010 by GTCbio. Dr... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)
Road-Map Agreed For Confirmatory Trials Of Promising Microbicide
Two further clinical trials are planned to confirm a vaginal gel which has shown potential in reducing the risk of HIV. The results of the first trial of the gel, which were announced in July at the XVIII International AIDS Conference in Vienna, must be confirmed before the product can be made available for general use. The tenofovir-based gel was found to be 39% effective to reduce a woman's risk of becoming infected with HIV during sex in a study completed by the Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA), a UNAIDS Collaborating Centre on HIV prevention research... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)
Primary HIV infection
(Source: BMJ Online First)<div id="medworm"><p><b><i>MedWorm Message:</i></b> Register for <b><a href="http://www.medmatcha.com" target ="_self">MedMatcha, MedWorm's medical advertising network</a></b>, and receive $5 free advertising.</p></div>
HIV infection associated with scleroderma: report of two new cases
(Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology)
Uganda: HIV Patients Fail to Pay Medical Bills
Two months after the Centres for Disease Control and prevention (CDC) in Tororo closed its home-based aid care programme, the former clients have said they cannot afford to pay medical bills. (Source: AllAfrica News: HIV-Aids and STDs)
Partying protected at Cardiff Mardi Gras
HIV and sexual health charity Terrence Higgins Trust Cymru (THT Cymru) is reminding visitors to Cardiff Mardi Gras (Saturday 4th September) not to put their sexual health at risk by getting carried away with the party mood.Throughout the festival THT Cymru staff and volunteers will be out in force, promoting safer sex messaging to the crowds around the event. THT Cymru will also be operating a stand on site, where festival-goers can pick up free condoms, along with advice and information, including where to get tested if they?re worried they?ve put themselves at risk.Pete Clark, National Director for THT Cymru, says: ?Cardiff Mardi Gras is a fantastic event for the city, and we?re delighted to be part of it. We?ve worked closely with the local LGBT community for many years to rai...
HIV-1 V3 envelope deep sequencing for clinical plasma specimens failing in phenotypic tropism assays.
CONCLUSIONS : Although only demonstrated on a limited set of samples, the potential of the combined use of "deep sequencing + prediction algorithms" in cases where routine gp160 phenotype testing cannot be employed was illustrated. While good concordance was observed between gp120 phenotyping and prediction of R5-tropic virus, the results suggest that accurate prediction of X4-tropic virus would require further algorithm development. PMID: 20804564 [PubMed - in process] (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy)
The International AIDS Society Calls For An End To Harassment, Intimidation And Imprisonment Of HIV Professionals
Following the imprisonment of Maxim Popov in April 2010, sentenced to 7 years jail primarily for the promotion of HIV prevention efforts in Uzbekistan, the International AIDS Society (IAS) notes with alarm the detention of a medial practitioner working in HIV prevention in Ukraine. Dr. Illya Podolyan, a 62-year old physician providing opioid substitution therapy (OST) for people using drugs, was detained on 28 May 2010 by Odessa police and charged with alleged crimes relating to drugs trafficking... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)<div id="medworm"><p><b><i>MedWorm Message:</i></b> Register for <b><a href="http://www.medmatcha.com" target ="_self">MedMatcha, MedWorm's medical advertising network</a></b>, and receive $5 free advertising.</p></div>
State News: Ohio, Florida Take Advantage Of Federal Health Funds; Mass. Psychiatrists Win Court Case
The Columbus Dispatch: "Gov. Ted Strickland's administration announced today that nearly $200 million in recently freed up state funds will go to Ohio hospitals, community mental health services, and a program which provides medication to low-income residents with HIV/AIDS. ... The state money became available after Congress agreed to continue paying a higher share of the cost of state Medicaid programs that provide insurance coverage to the poor. The higher federal contribution which had been set to expire Dec. 31 will continue through June 30" (Candisky, 9/2). Florida Tribune: "Gov... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)
VOA News Examines U.S. Global Health Initiative
VOA News examines President Barack Obama's $63 billion Global Health Initiative (GHI), noting the initiative's emphasis on cost-effective strategies to improve child- and maternal-health as well as programs to fight HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis (TB) and malaria. The article includes recent comments by Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton on the role the GHI will play in strengthening health systems and the administration's ongoing commitment to global HIV/AIDS programs... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)
Uganda: 72,000 More to Get Free Aids Drugs
An additional 72,000 Ugandans living with HIV/AIDS will be enrolled for free antiretroviral (ARV) treatment over the next two years, following increased American funding. (Source: AllAfrica News: Health and Medicine)
Are white homosexual men still taking too many HIV risks?
(BioMed Central) Risky sexual behavior among members of a subset of the gay community is still adding to the spread of HIV. Research published in the open access journal BMC Infectious Diseases has found that young white homosexual men have an important contribution in the local spread of HIV. (Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health)
Are white homosexual men still taking too many HIV risks?
Risky sexual behavior among members of a subset of the gay community is still adding to the spread of HIV. New research has found that young white homosexual men have an important contribution in the local spread of HIV. (Source: ScienceDaily Headlines)<div id="medworm"><p><b><i>MedWorm Message:</i></b> Register for <b><a href="http://www.medmatcha.com" target ="_self">MedMatcha, MedWorm's medical advertising network</a></b>, and receive $5 free advertising.</p></div>
Marketing authorisation application for fixed dose combination of emtricitabine, tenofovir and rilpivirine submitted to EMA
Source: BioSpace Area: News According to BioSpace, Gilead Sciences has submitted a Marketing Authorisation Application (MAA) to the European Medicines Agency (EMA) for marketing approval for the fixed-dose combination of emtricitabine and tenofovir disoproxil (Truvada®) and the investigational non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor rilpivirine (TMC278) for the treatment of HIV-1 infection in adults.&nbsp; If approved, this would provide a complete antiretroviral treatment regimen in a single once-daily tablet.&nbsp; &nbsp; The application is supported by data from two Phase III studies (ECHO and THRIVE) evaluating the safety and efficacy of rilpivrine in treatment-naïve adults infected with HIV-1, and a bioequivalence study demonstrating that the formulation of the fixed-dos...
Self-reported sexually transmitted infections and their correlates among men who have sex with men in Norway: an Internet-based cross-sectional survey
The objectives of our study were to assess factors, associated with recent selected STI among MSM, living in Norway in order to guide prevention measures. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional Internet-based survey during 1-19 October 2007 among members of a MSM-oriented Norwegian website using an anonymous questionnaire on demographics, sexual behaviour, drug and alcohol use, and STI. The studied outcomes were gonorrhoea, syphilis, HIV or Chlamydia infection in the previous 12 months. Associations between self-reported selected STI and their correlates were analysed by multivariable Poisson regression. P value for trend (p-trend), adjusted prevalence ratios (PR) with 95% confidence intervals [] were calculated. Results: Among 2430 eligible 16-74 years old respondents, 184 (8%) reported ...
Infant feeding counselling in Uganda in a changing environment with focus on the general population and HIV-positive mothers - a mixed method approach
Conclusions: Health workers were faced with challenges related to workload, resources, scientific updating, and also a need to adjust to frequent changes in programs, recommendations and guidelines. The clients were faced with difficult choices, poverty, lack of education and stigma. Feasibility of the recommendations was a major concern. Systematic approaches to update health workers should be a priority. (Source: BMC Health Services Research)
Travel Fellowship in the History of the Academic Health Center & Health Sciences at the University of Minnesota
Travel Fellowship in the History of the Academic Health Center & Health Sciences at the University of Minnesota The Travel Fellowship in the History of the Academic Health Center & Health Sciences at the University of Minnesota is intended to promote research on post-World War II developments in academic health centers and health science research using the University of Minnesota Archives. The University of Minnesota Program in the History of Medicine in conjunction with the Academic Health Center History Project will offer up to two fellowships per year to interested scholars whose research is well suited to the health science and administrative collections in the University Archives. Where possible, preference will be given to early career scholars: graduate students in the res...
Tibotec Pharmaceuticals Seeks European Marketing Authorization For Investigational Once-Daily HIV Treatment TMC278
Tibotec Pharmaceuticals announced its submission of a Marketing Authorisation Application (MAA) to the European Medicines Agency (EMA) for TMC278 (rilpivirine, as hydrochloride), an investigational non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) for the treatment of HIV. The proposed indication would make TMC278 available for once-daily use with other antiretroviral agents in treatment-naïve HIV-1-infected adults. It is estimated that 33.4 million people are living with HIV worlsudwide,[1] 2.3 million of which are in Europe... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)<div id="medworm"><p><b><i>MedWorm Message:</i></b> Register for <b><a href="http://www.medmatcha.com" target ="_self">MedMatcha, MedWorm's medical advertising network</a></b>, and receive $5 free advertising.</p></div>
Gilead Sciences Submits European Marketing Application For Once-Daily Single-Tablet Regimen Of Truvada® And TMC278 For The Treatment Of HIV Infect
Gilead Sciences, Inc. (Nasdaq:GILD) announced that it has submitted a Marketing Authorization Application (MAA) to the European Medicines Agency (EMA) for marketing approval for the fixed-dose combination of Truvada® (emtricitabine and tenofovir disoproxil (as fumarate)) and Tibotec Pharmaceuticals' investigational non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor TMC278 (rilpivirine (as hydrochloride)) for the treatment of HIV-1 infection in adults... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)
Stem cell clinics: experts insist claims of cure-all are medically unproven
Health tourists travel the world and spend thousands, but their hopes of being cured are likely to be dashedFor the past decade stem cells have sparked huge excitement among scientists, dramatic media coverage about breakthroughs that could mean a cure for some of the nastiest diseases, and hope ? sometimes desperate ? among patients that the reality will match the hype. That has fuelled a booming trade in stem cell tourism ? people heading to clinics abroad and forking out large sums for what are called stem cell treatments but which are unlikely to work and possibly do harm.It is, as some of the UK's leading stem cells experts warned last week, a world of unproven therapies, patient optimism and predatory clinicians. Despite the lack of reliable evidence underpinning the treatments...
Are HERVs an Answer to AIDS Mysteries?
Why is it so hard to isolate and purify human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)? Why has no one been able to see, by electron microscopy, a single HIV particle in the blood of AIDS patients, even those who have a "high viral load"? Why does HIV seem to mutate with startling rapidity? AIDS researchers have not been able to come up with answers to these questions. (Source: Disabled World)
Kids on HAART Would Benefit from Revaccinations (CME/CE)
(MedPage Today) -- Children with HIV who received standard childhood immunizations before starting on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) could benefit from revaccination, a review suggests. (Source: MedPage Today State Required CME)
Mindfulness Skills Useful in Addressing ADHD
Mindfulness meditation for people with ADHD? It may seem like a stretch, since difficulty with mindfulness is the very challenge for those with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. And yet recent research shows that mindfulness training can be adapted for this condition and that it can improve concentration. Various clinicians and educators are already teaching mindfulness to people with ADHD as well as to overly stressed school children. Scientists have been trying for several decades to understand how attention works. Recent studies on mindfulness and attention have demonstrated that with a little work, participants can develop greater ability to focus and self-regulate. Lidia Zylowska, M.D, a psychiatrist and founding member of the Mindful Awareness Research Center (MARC), Susan Sm...<div id="medworm"><p><b><i>MedWorm Message:</i></b> Register for <b><a href="http://www.medmatcha.com" target ="_self">MedMatcha, MedWorm's medical advertising network</a></b>, and receive $5 free advertising.</p></div>
AVAC Calls For Speedy Funding Of Critical Microbicide Follow-Up Studies
AVAC issues a call to action to donors, policy-makers, researchers and advocates to ensure that critical follow-up studies to the landmark CAPRISA 004 microbicide trial receive the economic and political support needed to move forward as quickly as possible. The call comes as a group of microbicide and public health experts have agreed upon a plan for further studies, which are expected to cost $100 million over three years, of which only $58 million has been committed. "We have an imperative to learn about the effectiveness of 1 percent tenofovir gel, the product tested in CAPRISA 004... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)
A Scientific Breakthrough On How HIV Takes Control Of Cell Division
Dr. Eric A. Cohen, Director of the Human Retrovirology research unit at the Institut de recherches cliniques de Montreal (IRCM), and his team published yesterday, in the online open-access journal PLos Pathogens, the results of their most recent research on the role of the Vpr protein in HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) infection and AIDS (acquired autoimmune deficiency syndrome). "We previously identified that HIV, when infecting target cells, blocks cell division and induces cell death," says Dr. Cohen. "We then discovered that the Vpr protein was involved in this process... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)
Lack of Association between Retrospectively Collected Pharmacy Refill Data and Electronic Drug Monitoring of Antiretroviral Adherence
(Source: AIDS and Behavior)
An Analysis of Electronically Monitored Adherence to Antiretroviral Medications
(Source: AIDS and Behavior)
Affective Correlates of Stimulant Use and Adherence to Anti-retroviral Therapy Among HIV-positive Methamphetamine Users
This article is currently available as a free download on IngentaConnect (Source: AIDS and Behavior)<div id="medworm"><p><b><i>MedWorm Message:</i></b> Register for <b><a href="http://www.medmatcha.com" target ="_self">MedMatcha, MedWorm's medical advertising network</a></b>, and receive $5 free advertising.</p></div>
Transportation Costs Impede Sustained Adherence and Access to HAART in a Clinic Population in Southwestern Uganda: A Qualitative Study
This article is currently available as a free download on IngentaConnect (Source: AIDS and Behavior)
Importance of Dose Timing to Achieving Undetectable Viral Loads
(Source: AIDS and Behavior)
Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy in Patients Participating in a Graduated Cost Recovery Program at an HIV Care Center in South India
(Source: AIDS and Behavior)
Numeracy Skills Explain Racial Differences in HIV Medication Management
(Source: AIDS and Behavior)
Preferences for Characteristics of Antiretroviral Therapy Provision in Johannesburg, South Africa: Results of a Conjoint Analysis
(Source: AIDS and Behavior)<div id="medworm"><p><b><i>MedWorm Message:</i></b> Register for <b><a href="http://www.medmatcha.com" target ="_self">MedMatcha, MedWorm's medical advertising network</a></b>, and receive $5 free advertising.</p></div>
Two-Year Follow-Up of Sexual Behavior Among HIV-Uninfected Household Members of Adults Taking Antiretroviral Therapy in Uganda: No Evidence of Disinhibition
(Source: AIDS and Behavior)
Smoking Among HIV Positive New Yorkers: Prevalence, Frequency, and Opportunities for Cessation
(Source: AIDS and Behavior)
Estimating Alcohol Content of Traditional Brew in Western Kenya Using Culturally Relevant Methods: The Case for Cost Over Volume
(Source: AIDS and Behavior)
Alcohol and Risky Sexual Behavior Among Heavy Drinking College Students
(Source: AIDS and Behavior)
Drug and HIV-Related Risk Behaviors After Geographic Migration Among a Cohort of Injection Drug Users
(Source: AIDS and Behavior)<div id="medworm"><p><b><i>MedWorm Message:</i></b> Register for <b><a href="http://www.medmatcha.com" target ="_self">MedMatcha, MedWorm's medical advertising network</a></b>, and receive $5 free advertising.</p></div>
Hazardous Drinking and HIV Sexual Risk Behaviors Among Injection Drug Users in Developing and Transitional Countries
(Source: AIDS and Behavior)
The Relationships Between States DUI Penalties and HIV-Positive Adults Drinking Behaviors
(Source: AIDS and Behavior)
Longitudinal Analysis of the Relationship Between Perceived Norms and Sharing Injection Paraphernalia
(Source: AIDS and Behavior)
Needle and Syringe Sharing Practices Among Injecting Drug Users in Tehran: A Comparison of Two Neighborhoods, One with and One Without a Needle and Syringe Program
(Source: AIDS and Behavior)
Correlates of HIV/STD Testing and Willingness to Test among Rural-to-Urban Migrants in China
(Source: AIDS and Behavior)<div id="medworm"><p><b><i>MedWorm Message:</i></b> Register for <b><a href="http://www.medmatcha.com" target ="_self">MedMatcha, MedWorm's medical advertising network</a></b>, and receive $5 free advertising.</p></div>
Prevalence of HIV Infection and Prior HIV Testing among Young Men Who have Sex with Men. The Baltimore Young Mens Survey
(Source: AIDS and Behavior)
Factors Associated with HIV Testing Among Public Sector Clinic Attendees in Johannesburg, South Africa
(Source: AIDS and Behavior)
The Associations of Voluntary Counseling and Testing Acceptance and the Perceived Likelihood of Being HIV-Infected Among Men with Multiple Sex Partners in a South African Township
(Source: AIDS and Behavior)
High HIV Prevalence, Suboptimal HIV Testing, and Low Knowledge of HIV-Positive Serostatus Among Injection Drug Users in St. Petersburg, Russia
(Source: AIDS and Behavior)
The Male-to-Female Ratio and Multiple Sexual Partners: Multilevel Analysis with Patients from an STD Clinic
(Source: AIDS and Behavior)<div id="medworm"><p><b><i>MedWorm Message:</i></b> Register for <b><a href="http://www.medmatcha.com" target ="_self">MedMatcha, MedWorm's medical advertising network</a></b>, and receive $5 free advertising.</p></div>
Determinants of Consistent Condom Use Vary by Partner Type among Young Men in Kisumu, Kenya: A Multi-level Data Analysis
(Source: AIDS and Behavior)
Unprotected Sex of Homeless Women Living in Los Angeles County: An Investigation of the Multiple Levels of Risk
(Source: AIDS and Behavior)
Neighborhood-Level Correlates of Consistent Condom Use among Men Who have Sex with Men: A Multi-Level Analysis
(Source: AIDS and Behavior)
KENYA: Monitoring Antiretroviral Intake Among Children
When 11-year-old Ronald Gathece was placed on antiretrovirals (ARVs) after being diagnosed HIV-positive, medical staff did not monitor his reaction to the treatment. But the side effects had been so bad that the young boy had contemplated suicide. (Source: IPS Inter Press Service - HIV/AIDS)
Tibotec seeks marketing authorisation for HIV drug
Tibotec Pharmaceuticals seeks European Marketing Authorisation for investigational once-daily HIV treatment TMC278 (Source: Pharmacy Europe)<div id="medworm"><p><b><i>MedWorm Message:</i></b> Register for <b><a href="http://www.medmatcha.com" target ="_self">MedMatcha, MedWorm's medical advertising network</a></b>, and receive $5 free advertising.</p></div>
Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy Among HIV-Infected Drug Users: A Meta-Analysis
(Source: AIDS and Behavior)
Kenya: Monitoring Antiretroviral Intake Among Children
When 11-year-old Ronald Gathece was placed on antiretrovirals (ARVs) after being diagnosed HIV-positive, medical staff did not monitor his reaction to the treatment. But the side effects had been so bad that the young boy had contemplated suicide. (Source: AllAfrica News: HIV-Aids and STDs)
National Library of Medicine Announces ?History of Medicine Finding Aids Consortium?
The History of Medicine Division of the National Library of Medicine (NLM) is pleased to announce the release of its prototype History of Medicine Finding Aids Consortium (http://www.nlm.nih.gov/hmd/consortium/index.html), a search-and-discovery tool for archival resources in the health sciences that are described by finding aids and held by various institutions throughout the United States. (Source: NLM General Announcements)
Swaziland: Task-Shifting Could Improve HIV Treatment and Prevention
Swaziland has yet to act on a 2006 World Health Organization (WHO) recommendation to alleviate health worker shortages through task-shifting and according to the Ministry of Health, the failure to do so is compromising scale-up of the antiretroviral (ARV) programme. (Source: AllAfrica News: HIV-Aids and STDs)

   HIV Treatment Programs
By Mary Rose
HIV Treatment ProgramsTreatment programs have to overcome many obstacles, ranging from patient recruitment to procuring drugs. The following Read more...

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